
The applications of sodium persulfate in the electronics industry
2025-06-18
Here is an overview of sodium persulfate (Na₂S₂O₈) applications in the electronics industry, compiled with referenced sources:
⚙️ Key Applications
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Manufacturing
Etching Agent: Removes excess copper from substrates with precision, achieving fine-line circuitry patterns. Typical concentrations: 5–15% solutions at 40–60°C.
Desmear Treatment: Cleans drilled holes in multilayer PCBs by oxidizing epoxy residues.
Semiconductor Processing
Wafer Cleaning: Ultra-high-purity (UHP) grades (>99.99%) remove organic contaminants and photoresist residues without damaging silicon surfaces.
Copper CMP (Chemical Mechanical Planarization): Oxidizes copper layers during polishing for planarized wafer surfaces.
Metal Surface Preparation
Pre-plating Activation: Micro-etching copper/brass surfaces to enhance adhesion of electroless nickel/gold coatings.
Lead Frame Cleaning: Deoxidizes metal leads before encapsulation in IC packaging.
⚠️ Critical Operational Parameters
Parameter
Requirement
Purpose
Purity
≥99.99% (semiconductor grade)613
Prevents ionic contamination
Concentration
5–20% (process-dependent)512
Controls oxidation rate
Temperature
30–70°C (optimized per application)6
Accelerates reaction kinetics
Filtration
0.1-μm particle removal13
Eliminates defect-causing impurities
☢️ Safety & Handling Notes
Decomposition Risk: Degrades rapidly >65°C, releasing oxygen and sulfuric acid fumes; requires temperature-controlled baths.
Material Compatibility: Use PTFE/PVC tanks; avoid contact with aluminum or zinc (catalyzes violent decomposition).
Waste Treatment: Residual solutions must be neutralized with reducing agents (e.g., sodium bisulfite) before disposal.
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how to use sodium sulfate safely
2025-06-18
1. Basic Properties
Chemical Formula: Na₂S (Anhydrous) / Na₂S·9H₂O (Hydrate)
Appearance: Colorless crystalline powder (pure), or pink/yellow/brown solids (industrial grade due to impurities)
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, insoluble in ether; aqueous solution is strongly alkaline (pH≈12)
Hazards:
Releases toxic hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) gas when exposed to acid/moist air (rotten egg odor)
Corrosive: Causes severe skin/eye burns; dust irritates respiratory tract
Flammable: Anhydrous form ignites spontaneously in air; dust-air mixtures are explosive
2. Handling & Operations
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Must wear: Chemical goggles, acid/alkali-resistant gloves, protective clothing, and dust respirator
Operational Rules:
Ventilation: Use explosion-proof ventilation systems in enclosed areas
Avoid Contact: Prohibit eating/drinking during use. Prevent dust generation
Solution Preparation:
Dissolve in water (e.g., 5% concentration) with gentle stirring.
Critical: Never use acid or aerated mixing (triggers H₂S release)
3. Storage & Transportation
Storage Conditions:
Cool, dry, ventilated area; temperature
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How to safely store and use ammonium persulfate?
2025-05-13
Guidelines for Safe Storage and Use of Ammonium Persulfate1, Storage standardsContainer selectionEnsure that the packaging is fully sealed to prevent moisture and leakage.Environmental controlStore in a cool, dry, and ventilated specialized chemical warehouse, with temperature controlled between 5-30 ℃ and humidity ≤ 80%, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.High temperature environments (such as>30 ℃) may cause spontaneous combustion or decomposition reactions, and temperature and humidity monitoring should be strengthened.Isolation storage
Store separately from reducing agents, alkalis, organic compounds, and flammable materials, maintaining a safe distance to prevent cross reactions.Set up prominent signs in the storage area to prohibit unrelated personnel from entering.2, Precautions for useDissolving operation
The solution needs to be prepared and used immediately, as it is prone to hydrolysis at room temperature to produce ammonium bisulfate and hydrogen peroxide. Prolonged storage can lead to failure.Protective measures
Wear chemical resistant gloves, goggles, and lab coats during operation to avoid direct skin contact or inhalation of dust.The place of use is equipped with eye wash stations and emergency shower equipment.Urgent handling
Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.Inhalation/ingestion: Move to a place with fresh air, maintain unobstructed breathing, and perform artificial respiration if necessary; Drink milk or egg white to protect the mucous membrane after ingestion.3, Transportation safety managementTransportation requirements
Special leak proof transportation vehicles must be equipped with fire arresters and firefighting equipment.Avoid transportation during high temperature periods (it is recommended to work in the morning and evening) to prevent bumps and static electricity accumulation.Packaging label
The outer packaging is clearly labeled with warning signs of "oxidizer" and "corrosiveness", and accompanied by a Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).4, Emergency response to leakageSmall scale leakage: After wearing protective equipment, cover with inert adsorbent material (such as sand) and collect in a dedicated container for centralized treatment.Large scale leakage: Immediately evacuate personnel, seal off the scene, and contact professional environmental protection agencies for handling.Key Risk WarningOxidative risk: Contact with organic matter may cause combustion or explosion, avoid coexistence with sawdust, oil, etc.Corrosive risk: Long term exposure may lead to corrosion of metal equipment. Regularly check the integrity of storage facilities.
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The role of ammonium persulfate in petrochemical industry
2025-05-13
1. Oil reservoir fracturing enhances efficiencyAs an acidizing fluid additive, it generates acidic substances (such as sulfuric acid) through oxidation, dissolves carbonate minerals in rocks, expands the permeability channels of oil and gas reservoirs, and improves oil and gas recovery.In underground fracturing operations, an efficient fracturing fluid system is formed by compounding with other chemicals to reduce formation pressure and accelerate fracture propagation.2. Corrosion and cleaning effectsUsed as a surface treatment agent for metal pipelines or equipment, it reacts with metals to form an oxide layer, enhancing corrosion resistance.In equipment maintenance, oil stains, sediments, and organic residues can be removed to ensure the efficiency of equipment operation.3. Oxidation and Reaction PromotionAs a strong oxidant, it participates in the oxidation reaction of sulfides in petrochemical processes, reducing the emission of harmful substances.In the treatment of oily wastewater, the concentration of pollutants is reduced and water quality is improved by decomposing organic matter.4. Auxiliary process optimizationUsed in conjunction with corrosion inhibitors and surfactants to optimize the performance of acid fracturing fluids and reduce formation damage.In the desulfurization process of crude oil, auxiliary removal of sulfide impurities is carried out to improve the quality of crude oil.Typical application scenarios✅ Oil well production increase: Rapid infiltration of rock layers through fracturing fluid system to release oil and gas resources✅ Equipment maintenance: Extend the service life of industrial equipment and reduce operation and maintenance costs✅ Environmental Protection Treatment: Reducing Oil containing Wastewater Pollution and Supporting Green Production
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